Biological Environment and Pollution

Global research trends in biodiversity conservation strategies: A bibliometric analysis

Sat, 28 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study presents a bibliometric analysis of biodiversity conservation efforts to identify key research trends, themes, and gaps. Using the Scopus database with VOSviewer and RStudio, we analyzed publication trends, co-authorship networks, keyword co-occurrence, and citation patterns. The results reveal a significant surge in publications since 2019, peaking in 2022 and reflecting heightened global focus. The research is highly interdisciplinary, dominated by environmental sciences (35.9%) and agricultural and biological sciences (10.6%). Journals such as Biodiversity and Conservation and Biological Conservation serve as key publication venues. Geographically, Australia, India, and the United States lead in research output, with significant contributions from China and Brazil. Thematic analysis highlights strategic methodologies, ecosystem services, and conservation management as primary research drivers. This study underscores the necessity of international collaboration and interdisciplinary approaches for effective conservation. The insights provide a foundation for future research and offer strategic direction for academics and policymakers to enhance global biodiversity conservation initiatives.

Cellular mechanisms of microplastic and nanoparticle exposure and its relationship with metabolic diseases: Literature review

Ismi Farah Syarifah, Rizal Maulana Hasby, Opik Taupiqurrohman, Mokhamad Mahroji — Sat, 28 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Microplastics (MP) and nanoparticles (PS-NPs) are emerging environmental contaminants of significant concern due to their adverse effects on human health. This study systematically reviews the impact of these pollutants on cellular mechanisms, with a specific focus on their association with metabolic diseases. Data were collected from various scientific publications relevant to the research topic. Research findings indicate that exposure to microplastics (MP) can result in a reduction in triglyceride and total cholesterol levels, while also disrupting insulin signaling pathways, thereby contributing to insulin resistance. Additional studies have demonstrated that exposure to nanoparticles (PS-NPs) in pregnant mice may increase the risk of metabolic disorders in their offspring. Moreover, PS-NP exposure has been shown to exacerbate type 2 diabetes by inhibiting the AKT/GSK3Î² pathway. Collectively, exposure to microplastics and nanoparticles has the potential to aggravate metabolic disorders and increase the risk of metabolic diseases, including diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular conditions. These findings offer valuable insights into the potential health risks associated with environmental exposure to microplastics and nanoparticles and underscore the critical importance of addressing microplastic pollution to human health.

Comparative study of soil amendment and organic fertilizer use to optimize agricultural dryland

Sat, 28 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the effects of different organic soil amendments on the chemical characteristics of dryland soils to enhance agricultural practices in arid areas. Employing a randomized complete block design, six treatments were administered oversix-months on acidic soils with low organic matter concentration, exemplifying typical dryland conditions in tropical areas. The treatments comprised high and moderate doses of mixed organic compounds, alongside control groups without amendments. Soil samples were analyzed pre- and post-treatment for pH, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations. Results demonstrate that high-dose organic mixtures markedly enhanced soil pH, carbon content, and nutrient availability, particularly phosphorus and potassium, in comparison to control and lower-dose treatments. The research underscores the essential importance of suitable amendment kinds and quantities in improving soil quality and sustainability. The findings indicate that the strategic application of organic amendments can markedly enhance the chemical properties of dryland soils, hence promoting more sustainable farming operations.

The potential of antagonistic bacteria from shrimp paste as inhibitors of spoilage bacteria in fishery products

Sukmawati Sukmawati, Metusalach Metusalach, Syahrul Syahrul, Christy Radjawane — Sat, 28 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Spoilage bacteria present a considerable obstacle in the preservation of seafood items, including shrimp and fish, leading to economic losses, health hazards, and degradation of product quality. Prevalent spoilage bacteria in seafood comprise Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. This study seeks to assess the inhibitory potential of bacterial isolates obtained from shrimp paste against rotting spoilage bacteria. A descriptive approach was employed to assess the antibacterial activity of four bacterial isolatesâ€”designated TRS 1, TRS 2, TRS 3, and TRS 4â€”against Gram-positive and Gram-negative spoilage bacteria. The inhibitory effect was measured by the diameter of the clear zones surrounding the isolates. The findings indicated that isolate TRS 1 exhibited the most significant inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (19.0 mm) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.5 mm), whereas isolate TRS 4 displayed the greatest inhibition against Escherichia coli (12.0 mm). The findings indicate that some bacterial isolates from shrimp paste exhibit significant antagonistic activity and may function as natural preservatives in seafood products. Additional research is required to validate bacteriocin synthesis by molecular and biochemical techniques and to assess their practical implications in seafood preservation.

Microplastic contamination in Heterotrigona itama bee products (Honey, Pollen, Propolis) from Meratus Geopark, South Kalimantan

Anang Kadarsah, Aminuddin Prahatama Putra, Anni Nurliani, Eko Suhartono — Sat, 28 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Microplastic pollution has become a significant environmental concern, with recent studies detecting microplastics in various ecosystems and natural products, including those produced by bees. This study investigates the presence, morphology, and distribution of microplastics in products of the stingless bee Heterotrigona itamaâ€”specifically honey, pollen, and propolisâ€”collected from six meliponiculture sites within the Meratus Geopark, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Samples were analyzed using stereomicroscopy to identify microplastic types, quantify particles, and measure sizes. The findings reveal that fibers and fragments are the predominant microplastic forms, with urban locations exhibiting higher contamination levels (approximately 309 to 318 particles per 100 ml) compared to rural areas. Notably, one rural site recorded the highest contamination level (approximately 362 particles per 100 ml), suggesting that factors beyond urbanization, such as agricultural practices and atmospheric deposition, contribute to microplastic pollution. The study underscores the role of bees as natural bioindicators for environmental monitoring and highlights the potential risks of microplastic contamination to bee health, food safety, and ecosystem sustainability. These insights are aligned with Sustainable Development Goal 12, which advocates for responsible consumption and production.